International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 11 no. 2

A Perspective Framework to measure and develop an Intellectual Capital in Egyptian Universities in light of some European international experiences

Mohamed Ahmed Elsaid, Lamya — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

The Problem of this study can be formulated in need to measure and develop of the intellectual Capital in Egyptian universities, Thus the main objective of this study is to improve intended learning outcomes and capabilities of the graduates of the Egyptian universities by using their intellectual Capital, which would contribute to the development of knowledge-based economy. To achieve this objective descriptive approach was used.This study has many resulted in the light of these results put the matrix to measure the intellectual capital in the Egyptian Universities and a number of recommendations:1. Transform the university into incubators for knowledge assets and intellectual capital and through the activities of humanitarian configuration knowledge, create new knowledge, transfer of knowledge, sharing knowledge, storage, retrieval and distribution of knowledge.2. Develop a strategy to move the university to a knowledge organization seeking to learn and create a culture of innovation and creativity 3. Need to adopt admission policies for students as an input to develop and improve the performance of higher education institutions, as this will bring to those institutions many benefits.4. Develop a system to encourage and motivate linked to the practices and activities of the Research. To encourage staff to share what assets they have exchange of knowledge and skills with others, and to contribute effectively to the intellectual activities of different types and forms.

DEKANE, Emmanuel — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

This article studies the role of ordeals in the traditional justice system of the people of North Cameroon. The purpose of this work is to verify through materials, rituals, effects and counter effects of these ordeals, the illusion or the veracity of the ordalic evidences which has always been the topic of debates. Results of this research shows that, criminal evidences and oaths made on these tools are effective because of the impartiality and sincerity of their sentences which applies to all without distinction of religion, skin color, ethnicity, sex, age, confirming once more the veracity and objectivity of ordalic evidences. The main roles of ordeals are to punish those guilty, to reconcile litigants and reintegrate offenders into the society by appropriate rites.

Assessment of the response of Soybean to the supply of increasing amounts of compost of Tithonia diversifolia on a highly weathered soil

Mukonzo Emery, Kasongo Lenge — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

While meat becomes a luxury food for the poor people, legumes including soya bean, can constitute an alternative. Unfortunately, on highly weathered soils of Lubumbashi, the performance of this crop remains far below the potential. The effects of compost of Tithonia diversifolia on growth and yield of soybean were studied during the 2013-2014 cropping season on degraded soil Lubumbashi (DR Congo). Under a basic fertilizer, six levels of compost of T. diversifolia (0, 7.5T, 15T; 22,5T; 30T; 37,5T ha) were applied as treatments in a completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The observations were focused on vegetative parameters and the yield of the crop. Similar behavior of soya bean plants was observed, regardless of the dose of compost made. Under the supply of mineral fertilizers, the supply of composts to soybeans mustn't be recommended given the low-income of farmers and the availability of composts.

Using of Iraqi probiotic to detoxify Patulin in albino mice

Shafiq, Shatha Ali — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

The present study was to evaluate the histological and biochemical toxic effects of Patulin mycotoxin on liver and kidney tissues of males white mice that extracted from the fungal isolate Penicillium expansum at concentration (3.5 mg / kg body weight) given single and repeated doses of Patulin orally administration and the second aspect of this study using of Iraqi probiotic (local product) as detoxifying agent of Patulin. Mice were divided into four groups five mice for each group, taking into consideration liver and kidney weights. Groups of mice were treated as follows. T1: given the toxin once and sacrificed after two days. T2: given the toxin twice for one week. T3: given the toxin twice a week for two weeks. T4: The last group was treated by Patulin for five days orally with addition Iraqi probiotic (2 %) w/ v in drinking water for fifteen days. Each treated group has its corresponding control which received 1% Dimethyl Sulphoxide (DMSO). The results of the treatment of mice males Patulin of 3.5 mg / kg, in three groups (T1,T2,T3) had caused histological changes in the liver tissue represented by degeneration and necrosis in hepatocytes and had increased with increasing of repeated doses of toxin especially at T3 group that it revealed histological changes represented by congestion of central vein with inflammatory cells in their lumen, lymphocytes infiltration and hemorrhage especially near portal space . The results of liver enzymes showed significant decrease in (Aspartate Aminotransferase) AST, (Alanine Aminotransferase) ALT in treated mice with Patulin (repeated doses) which were involved T2 and T3 group compared with the other groups , while the results of enzymatic activity of (Alkaline phosphatase) ALP showed non-significant decrease in all groups . No obvious significant difference in the concentration of Creatinine in all groups, while urea concentration recorded significant decrease in T2 and T3 groups as compared with T1 and T4 groups. Patulin exhibits Histopathological changes coincided with biochemical changes observed in experiments on male mice and the effect of Patulin depended on time of exposure. The other part of the present study was to investigate the biological degradation of Patulin represented by T4 group using by Iraqi probiotic 2% (w/v) which had an active influence to protect the liver and kidney tissues from the toxic effect of Patulin.

The functions of Market gardening in the socio-economic context of Lubumbashi in DR Congo

Kalumbu John, Tshomba — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

This study was initiated as part of making a place of state on horticulture in the Katanga Province of the Democratic Republic of Congo. It aims to analyze the contribution of the vegetable sector to poverty reduction through its impact on the income of vegetable growers. The study is realized in the large scheme of vegetable Kilobelobe in the Annex town in Lubumbashi, Katanga, Democratic Republic of Congo.From the data of the survey conducted in January-February and March 2014, we analyze the different functions of gardening and its effect on poverty reduction in the socio-economic context of Lubumbashi. We start from the assumption that households would benefit from the multiple functions of gardening, and it would contribute to poverty reduction. Thus, the study focused on a sample of 50 vegetable growers randomly drawn based on the census list available in the study site.The results, it appears that producers benefit multiple socio-economic functions of gardening. In, fact, it appears from analyzes that this branch of family agriculture meets society's expectations: reducing unemployment, the main activity of peri-urban agriculture, and income-generating, contributing to health care, food security and to waste management through recycling biodegradable materials in other sectors (agriculture and livestock).

Ali, Osman — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

The Uterine fibroma pathology is common and the relationships between fibroids and pregnancy are triple: Fibroids can prevent conception and implantation; the fibroid may complicate the course of pregnancy, at delivery and postpartum period 'and pregnancy-induced condition can facilitate the development of fibroids to complications. We report the case of a patient who was followed in our department from 17 weeks+2days of pregnancy whose ultrasound revealed fibroid located in the uterine isthmus .Through our case and with the support of the literature, We will insist the complications that can occur and understand the importance of diagnosis and early management of this entity.

Ali, Osman — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

The malignant germinal tumors of the ovary are rare, but a rest curable whatever is the stage. We report the observation of 24 years old patient, married, never get pregnant , who was sent in our hospital for pelvic pains, the gynecological examination revealed an abdominal mass in the umbilical level . The pelvic ultrasound and the abdominal CT scan showed a heterogeneous solid mass in depends on the ovary. A laparotomy was indicated, allowed a right adnexectomy. The anatomopathologique examination is returned in favor of a dysgerminoma. The germinal tumors of the ovary are rare tumors which affect the girls and the young women, they have a good prognosis whether his stage with an optimal treatment and the majority of the patients keep their reproduction functions.

Parietal endometriosis: case report

Ali, Osman — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

L'endom

Ali, Osman — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

The uterine inversion defines itself anatomically as the invagination of fundus uterus bottom andquot;finger of gloveandquot; until be able to take out in the vulva. It is a dramatic accident of the placenta delivery and a rare eventuality in countries with low medical entity, this rarity - who can mislead the practitioner - ends in complications that lead maternal death. We present the case of a patient de 30 the years old who had a difficult delivery at home 3 months ago with death newborn in immediate post-partum. She was admitted for small vaginal bleeding associated Burning micturition with preservation of the general states. The gynecological examination had revealed a mass a 5 cm in diameter in the vagina. We made the diagnosis of a chronic puerperal uterine inversion of the third degree and a surgical intervention of vaginal vertical posterior colpohysterotomy by low way in the first one and the second was the colpohysterorraphy by laparotomy.

Effect of irrigation with the purified waste water on the growth and development of plants

Lahmami, D. — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

This work deals with one of the themes of socio-economic and environmental diagnosis of irrigation of vegetable crops with untreated wastewater being led in urban and suburban area of the city of Meknes in Morocco. Its main objective is to study, through an experimental test, the type of irrigation water on growth and development of plants of the crop studied. Types of irrigation water were prepared from untreated waste water and cleaned waste water with the filter materials. The main results of this work show that the height growth of plants irrigated with the treated wastewater is similar to plants irrigated with untreated wastewater. Whereas, the purified waste water can improve the production of the number of sheets and the dry matter of the aerial part of plants by 15% and 24% respectively.

Design a plan of Best Practices for improving Safety Management System (SMS): Validation Study

Dakkak, Badr — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

This article presents a case study in a Moroccan company. Such a study to identify and analyze the risks related to Health and Safety. It is based on the application of various stages of SOMRA method. The application of such a method has identified the systems and sub-systems with unacceptable risks for the company. This led to the establishment of an action (Best Practices) to improve the safety management system (SMS) of the company.

YAOKOKORE-BEIBRO, Kouassi Hilaire — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

Ornithological surveys were conducted in the city of Grand-Bassam from April 2010 to March 2011 in order to improve the knowledge on urban coastal birds in C

THE CONTROVERSE IN THE FRENCH SPOKEN LANGUAGE IN CAMEROON

BIENVENUE, NOUKIO GERMAINE — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

Language is an instrument of communication and a signifier of realities; it grows generally from its sociocultural and sociolinguistic environment. This statement calls for reflection when it concerns a code that is not primary idiom of the principal speaker, and wore still, in a strange political setting. French in Cameroon today mirrors a speaker that is a product of an extraordinary political system born since the period of independence. This paper proposes something in the place of a prescribed weak language policy; it argues whether the state cannot profitably harness this experimentation in language to ensure gradual acceptability in dictionaries and college textbooks.

Educational level and socio-economic structures of the rural households of Kipushi : analysis of dynamism and prospects

Arsene, Mushagalusa Balasha — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

The objective of this work was to evaluate the incidence of the education in the socio-economic structures of rural households of Kipushi. An investigation was conducted near 123 rural households taken in a random way. The results show that there are more men (62, 5%) illiterate that the women. The study level does not influence the size of households but those for which the responsible did not study count 7

Gender and family farms in rural area in Katanga: case study of Kipushi

Arsene, Mushagalusa Balasha — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

It from now on established that the development is the battle of the men and the women. In the agricultural field the ditch man-women still grows hollow so as to establish differences between these two actors. The objective of this study is to compare the dynamism of the man and the woman within the family farms. To arrive there, 123 farmers were surveyed in order to compare the sown surface with maize, the production released, the access mode to the ground, the participation of gender on family farm works. The results showed that more men or 34% accede to the ground by heritage whereas the majority of women or 47,8% obtain it by gift of the head of village. Statistically, the gender had not influence neither the surfaces sown nor the production obtained. Nevertheless, the average surface cultivated by the woman is 0,42 ha and a maximum of one hectare lower than 0,49 ha and 1,5 ha to the maximum sown by the man. The production of the man is 411kg higher than 311kg produced by the woman. However, this latter takes part in 58, 6% with the ploughing and sowing, in 71% with the maintenance of the exploitations when the man assumes heavy work like the clearing trees with 90, 5% and harvest with 45,7%.These results highlight the necessity to integrate the gender in the process of the agricultural and rural development considering the implication of both in the dynamics of the family farms.

Petrography and Geochemistry of Miowe-Bulambika kibarian gneisses at Bunyakiri, South-Kivu, DR Congo

MUGARUKA BIBENTYO, Toussaint — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

This work aims at the understanding of the petrogenesis of Kibarian metamorphic formations in the West part of Lake Kivu. Here are presented detailed petrographic study of Miowe and Bulambika gneisses at Bunyakiri, new geochemical data of major elements and a large-scale geological map of the study area. The macroscopic petrographic study has distinguished in Miowe and Bulambika gneiss two lithological facies: the augen gneiss and the granitic gneiss. Veins and pegmatite pockets are observed in these gneisses. The geochemical study on basis of major elements revealed that these gneisses derived from a metamorphic evolution of granites and granodiorites of calc-alkaline series. They are therefore formed in a geodynamic context of subduction.

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUPERVISION OF TEACHERS IN BINGA DISTRICT SCHOOLS

Ncube, Alfred Champion — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

Supervision is the process of working with teachers to improve their performance in their professional chores. This study sought to assess the effectiveness of supervision of teachers by heads of schools in Binga primary schools in Western Zimbabwe. The study was quantitative and utilised a descriptive survey design. The population comprised of all primary school heads and teachers in Binga District. The sample consisted of 200 teachers and 20 heads of schools. Of the sample respondents, 120 were male and 100 female. All the information was collected through a questionnaire which had both close-ended and open-ended questions. The study revealed that both teachers and heads concurred that supervision as it obtained in their schools needed more time and resources. It also revealed that heads were using models of supervision that did not promote teacher growth and motivation. The study recommends that heads of schools should not be allocated a class to teach if they are to effectively carry out their supervisory roles. The study also recommends that the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education should organise workshops and in-service training sessions to help heads acquire better skills for supervising teachers.

CHALLENGES FACED BY RURAL PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN TEACHING ENGLISH READING TO INFANT CLASSES IN JOJO WEST CLUSTER SCHOOLS IN NKAYI DISTRICT

Muranda, Augustine Zano — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

The aim of the present study was to investigate the challenges faced by rural primary school teachers in the teaching of English reading to infant classes in Jojo West Cluster schools in Nkayi district of Zimbabwe. The population comprised of all the teachers teaching infant classes in the cluster. The sample comprised of 20 respondents purposively selected. The study adopted the descriptive survey design and the questionnaire was used for collecting data. The main findings of the study revealed that the majority of infant teachers were not qualified to teach these classes. The study also revealed that teachers taught English using vernacular words and this confused the children. Children were also not provided with a variety of reading materials and the home background did not assist pupils acquire the language. The study recommends inter alia, that all teacher training colleges in Zimbabwe should introduce the Early Childhood development programme in order to multiply the production of infant teachers. The study also recommends that infants classes should be exposed to a lot of material in the English language to help them build their vocabulary.

Forecast of selling price of agricultural products by the method of Box and Jenkins: case of tomatoes

Kamal, Hiderah — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

This paper is concerned with calculation of the forecasting of some agricultural products (tomatoes in the market of Oujda-Morocco). In the first section deals with the theoretical part of time series, and Box and Jenkins method. The second section is about calculating the forecasting for cycle 12/2013-7/2014. We analyze the time series using the following statistical programs: Excel, SPSS, and Eviews7. At the end, we have chosen the appropriate model for the prediction of tomato prices, in the market of fruits and vegetables of OUJDA.

BIOSAND FILTER: IMPACT OF SAND DEPTH IN PHYSICO-CHEMICALS PARAMETERS REMOVAL

Mangoua Allali, Amenan Lydie Clarisse — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

Four biosand filters were used for treatment of Banco river source water to investigate the effects of sand depth (30, 50, 70 and 90 cm) on the removal of suspended solids, nitrogen and oxidized forms of the chemical demand oxygen and their effect on the pH. The results showed that the filter of 90 cm of sand was the most efficient. However, the purification yields between filters 50, 70 and 90 cm of sand showed no significant difference, and the treated water met the drinking water standards of the world health organization. Therefore, sand depth between 50 and 90 cm can be used in biosand filter to treat water.

The IFRS for SMEs accounting standard: survey on their applicability to Moroccan SMEs

EL HADDAD, Mohammed — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

This paper's purpose is to seek the position of the Moroccan companies, especially the SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTITIES, towards the standard andquot;IFRS for SMEsandquot;. Firstly, the paper presents the standard andquot;IFRS for SMEsandquot;. Then, the second goal of the article is to analyze the result of our investigation while recalling principles of the positive accounting theory. The method of statistical analysis used is logistic regression. The results of this study shows that SMEs surveyed are not ready to apply the IFRS standard for SMEs, even if this standard includes a set of simplifications, compared to the full IFRS but not relative to the Moroccan accounting standards.

Resources and Facilities for Secondary School Agriculture: A Beacon for Rural Transformation and Development in Kenya

Konyango, Jacob J.J. Ochieng' — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

Integrating agriculture teaching with rural transformation and development requires resources and facilities. This has been a beacon, a philosophy and a mission of school agriculture in Kenya since 1959. School agriculture has had an elaborate support from government, community and international donor agencies for this purpose. Despite the support, the mission and philosophy and of school agriculture remains unattainable. The study sought to establish the provision and use of agriculture teaching resources and facilities since 1959 relevant for the promotion of rural transformation and development. The study used qualitative research with historical design in determining the historical strategies and polices related to provision and use of teaching resources and facilities to describe, analyze and interpret how the policies and strategies have been implemented. A sample of 119 respondents from26 purposively sampled secondary schools in which agriculture was taught was used to provide relevant data. Due to snowballing effect extra 17 secondary schools yielding extra 46 respondents was added to the study. The instrumentation included interview schedules and documentary sources and archival searches. Data was synthesized and analyzed qualitatively by generating a narrative account of acquisition and use of resources and facilities. The findings of the study show that the provision and use of agriculture teaching resources has failed to demonstrate that farming is a dignified and profitable occupation which can stimulate rural development. It is recommended that relevant and sustainable teaching resources be marched with the syllabus and use to reflect curriculum objectives. This will be a beacon for rural transformation and development.

What is the contribution of information and communication technologies in prospecting regional economic information? Diverse perspectives on communication strategies of the Regional Investment Centre of Agadir in Souss-Massa-Draa region

BENAMARA, Khalid — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

Communication has long been considered in relation to community, territory and economic development. It involves several techniques and practices that are implemented at the regional level. The review of this implementation is dictated by empirical approaches that outline the emergence and the evolution of information and communication technologies as well as the resulting practices and policies. With this aim in mind, the ultimate goal, as established in Morocco in 1971, is to stimulate the territorial economy of the region in order to raise great investment opportunities. As a local development board, The Regional Investment Center has a crucial role in economic information networking and a direct impact on corporate mobility.

The effect of a diet supplemented with phytobiotics on sexual maturity and growth performance on Japanese quail (Coturnix Japonica)

Ould Sidi Moctar, Y. — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

This study is tends to examine the effect of seven livestock phytobiotics (ginger, millet, flax, rosemary, thyme, turmeric and pepper) on Japanese quail, which were incorporated as food additives at a dose of 3% in the daily ration.200 quails were reared in brooder and divided into 8 groups and placed during the laying phase in three-stage cages battery type. Treatment began at the age of 2 weeks and lasted for 8 weeks.Analysis of the results showed that sexual maturity is not influenced by the different types of treatment compared with the control (p = 0.99andgt; 0.05). Similarly, at any age confused, plants that recorded the average weight of egg improved compared to the control are: turmeric, thyme, turmeric mixture, pepper, ginger and millet. Thus, the results are respectively as follows: (11.32

Analysis of factors influencing the multiplicity of girl-mothers in the Grouping of Bugorhe in Territory of Kabare

Musimwa, Théos Badose — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

We led a research in the Grouping of Bugorhe of September 2014 until February 2015 in view to make an analysis of factors that influence the multiplicity of girl-mothers in this entity. The historico-comparative method pushed by the interview as well as the questionnaire of investigation submitted to 180 girl-mothers served us how technical to harvest data on land. To the exit of our investigations, it comes out again that several factors intervene in this multiplicity of girl-mothers to Bugorhe notably the poverty of households come from certain villages adjoining the National Park of Kahuzi - Bi

Drissi, Jihad — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

Conn adenoma is the first cause of secondary hypertension of endocrine origin. His discovery during pregnancy is a rare situation. The objective of this work is to review the diagnostic features and management of this disease during pregnancy.Observation: We report the case of a primigravida 24 years hospitalized in the second trimester to tetraparesis related to a secondary hypokalemia Conn adenoma. Adrenalectomy were expected in the second quarter, but the occurrence of thrombophlebitis of the left leg had repporter gesture until postpartum. The patient was hospitalized several times for blood pressure control but showed during his last hospitalization 35SA SFA having imposed a fetal extraction by high way.Discussion and Conclusion: The Conn adenoma discovered during pregnancy has certain diagnostic and therapeutic features that need to know for proper care.

Literature review on psychosocial risks and quality of worklife in Morocco

Battal, Sabrine — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

In the context of globalization; quality of work life in Morocco as in the rest of the world is affected by psychosocial risks, altering the interaction between man and the work sphere, complicating prospects for adaptation and increasing dissatisfaction Indeed, this has repercussions on mental health of the worker, such as burnout, sleep disorders and memory. As well as psychosomatic consequences including cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal disorder and others. Not to mention the impact on the business; as absenteeism, lack of motivation, risk behavior etc. ... This bibliographic and analytical work aims to create a data base of Moroccan epidemiological research investigating psychosocial risks and the quality of work life, through the collection of scientific articles and theses, and analysis of data listed. Finally, this paper emphasizes on the one hand the lack of research in Morocco on psychosocial risks, including the concept of quality of life at work, and secondly the need for a quality of work life approach and the role of such research in the development of the human element that is the andquot;true wealthandquot; of Morocco and one of the key components of intangible capital of the Kingdom.

Contribution to the development of the inversion DART model: Application to the extraction of biophysical parameters from a SPOT image on the forest of Fontainebleau (France)

Mechbouh, J. — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

In optical remote sensing, relationships used to link radiometric data acquired by satellites and biophysical quantities of vegetation are generally established through semi-empirical relationships or inversion of radiative transfer models. The inversion method of DART model is based on the use of pre-calculated tables: simulations involve a wide set of input parameters. An interpolation procedure, coupled with an analytical model, can recreate a simulation for any values of the input parameters. Inversion is then achieved by minimizing the cost function representing the error between the measured reflectance (satellite images) and reflectance data model. In this paper, we propose an improvement of the inversion method, comparing four parametric models (RPV, MRPV, HAPKE and ESTEVE). To assess their ability to represent the reflectance simulated by DART, we compared the mean square error (RMSE) between the simulated reflectance and those obtained by the different models. The improved MRPV model proved to be more robust to effectively represent reflectance DART. At the end, we applied the inversion to estimate biophysical parameters (leaf area index, crown coverage) of the Fontainebleau forest (France) from a SPOT image. This application allowed us to perform the validation of inversion programs that we have developed and to illustrate the ability to get maps of biophysical parameters that are very useful for modeling the functioning of the forest.

USE OF WOODY FORESTRY RESOURCES BY THE POPULATION LIVING IN THE SUBMOUNTAIN AREA OF KAHUZI-BIEGA NATIONAL PARK (DR CONGO)

MANGAMBU MOKOSO, Jean de Dieu — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

This study deals with ethnobotanical surveys of the use of woody species collected in three villages including three different ethno-socio-linguistic groups (Shi, Tembo and Pygmies) who live in the Kahuzi-Biega National Park (KBNP) sub-mountain area. The index of response rate, the value of ethnobotanical use and the importance of the species have been made processed and analysed on data collected. A total of 53 plants used are described, identified and divided into the following four categories according to their use: edible plants, medicinal plants, plants used for woody energy and plant used for constructions. This study has showen that pygmies have knowledge on edible and medicinal plants mostly. The value of the total ethnobotanical use of species not significant from one etnho-socio-linguistic group to another (p-value = 0,514; F= 1, 08 et ddl= 3). Species presenting a high potential of ethnobotanical uses are respectively Prunus africana (Hook f.) Kalkman, Lebrunia buchaie Staner, Maesa lanceolata Forssk, Strombosia scheffleri Engl et Raphia gilletii (De Wild.) Becc. The test of Kruskal-Wallis has revealed that the different plant parts do not have the same level of use importance for the population (F= 1, 08 et ddl = 3) and the correlations are significant for the three ethno-socio-linguistic groups but that of Pygmies is very significant (R

THE FEMININE ILLITERACY: ONE OF MAIN FACTORS OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC EXPLOSION IN THE FARMING SURROUNDINGS. CASE OF GROUPINGS OF BUGORHE AND IRHAMBI/KATANA, DR CONGO

Maroyi, Félix Mugisho — 2015-05-25T00:00:00-00:00

We led this survey following an objection on the role of the illiteracy at the time of the celebration of the international day of the literacy to Lwiro. For the illiterate women of Bugorhe and Irhambi/Katana, literacy and the instruction are again powerless to limit the demographic explosion. What is an unreal truth. This affirmation implies the lesser capacity of analysis of the illiterate populations.This work is a contribution on the role and the importance of the literacy in the lasting development process in farming middle.